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基于Cu(In,Ga)Se2sub> 低成本薄膜的光伏技术的进展

Powalla Michael,Paetel Stefan,Hariskos Dimitrios,Wuerz Roland,Kessler Friedrich,Lechner Peter,Wischmann Wiltraud,Magorian Friedlmeier Theresa

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第4期页码 445-451 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.04.015

摘要：

本文讨论了基于Cu(In,Ga)Se 2sub> (CIGS) 复合薄膜半导体材料的光伏（PV）技术。

关键词：薄膜光伏太阳能柔性 Cu(In Ga)Se2sub>

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一种促进低温快速沉积Cu(In,Ga)Se2sub>薄膜生长的单加热克努森蒸发源的改良设计 Article

张运祥, 林舒平, 程世清, 何志超, 胡朝静, 周志强, 刘玮, 孙云

《工程（英文）》 2021年第7卷第4期页码 534-541 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.01.016

摘要：

在共蒸发工艺中，克努森蒸发源经常被用来生长高质量Cu(In,Ga)Se2sub>（CIGS）薄膜。

关键词： Cu(In Ga)Se2sub> 克努森蒸发源凝结液滴喷射低温

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碱金属掺杂对CIGS 薄膜及电池器件的影响

孙云,林舒平,李伟,程世清,张运祥,刘一鸣,刘玮

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第4期页码 452-459 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.04.020

摘要：

本文总结了Cu(In, Ga)Se2sub> (CIGS) 电池中掺杂碱金属的发展历史和一些重要成果，综述了碱金属掺杂方式对CIGS 吸收层及器件性能的影响。通过分析由(NaF+KF)-PDT 导致的CIGS 表面结构及电学性能的改变，我们提出并解释了如下几个问题：①在低温沉积CIGS 薄膜过程中，Na 促进了CuInSe2sub>的优先形成，排挤Ga 向Mo 衬底扩散，造成CIGS 薄膜的分层现象；② Na 原子钝化CIGS 晶界及表面缺陷从而提高空穴载流子浓度的相关机制；③过渡层减薄提高了短路电流（JSCsub>）而不产生开路电压（VOCsub>）损失，这不仅归因于化学浴沉积初期过渡层较好的包覆性，还在于受主缺陷

关键词：碱金属 Cu(In Ga)Se2sub> 薄膜太阳能电池 PDT

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用高光谱发光法研究Cu(Inxsub>,Ga1–xsub>)Se2sub> (CIGS)模块中由P1引起的功率损耗的成因 Article

César Omar Ramírez Quiroz, Laura-Isabelle Dion-Bertrand, Christoph J. Brabec, Joachim Müller, Kay Orgassa

《工程（英文）》 2020年第6卷第12期页码 1395-1402 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.12.019

摘要：

在本文中，我们利用了高光谱高分辨率光致发光映射技术，这是一个强大的工具，可用于选择和优化在Cu(Inxsub>,Ga1-xsub>)Se2sub>（CIGS）模块上对子电池进行图案化互连的激光烧蚀工艺。

关键词： Cu(Inx Ga1–x)Se2 电池到模块的效率差距由P1引起的功率损耗高光谱光致发光激光烧蚀短程热效应

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离聚物基封装胶膜的吸湿解吸——一种用于CIGS 薄膜光伏组件的自呼吸封装胶膜 Article

Miao Yang, Raymund Schäffler, Tobias Repmann, Kay Orgassa

《工程（英文）》 2020年第6卷第12期页码 1403-1407 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.02.020

摘要：

本文引入了一种创新的基于离聚物的多层封装胶膜用以代替传统双层玻璃光伏组件的封装材料。利用该封装胶膜，在不需要额外的边缘密封的情况下就能防止水汽渗透。本文分析了这种封装胶膜及其原料——聚（乙烯-共丙烯酸）和离聚物——在不同气候条件下的自发吸湿和解吸。相对空气湿度是这些逆过程的热力学驱动力，并决定了其平衡含水率（equilibrium moisture content, EMC）。空气湿度越大，EMC也越大。被吸收的水分子的均质化是一个扩散控制过程，其中温度起主要作用。然而，其在较高温度下扩散系数仍相对较低。我们认为，当光伏组件在正常气候条件下使用时，基于离聚物的封装胶膜可“呼吸”水汽，即在白天相对湿度较高时，它会“吸入”（吸收）水分并将其限制在组件的外边缘内，而在夜晚相对湿度较低时，它则会“呼出”（解吸）水分。通过这种方式，封装胶膜可以保护电池免受水汽的侵入。

关键词：离聚物封装胶膜吸湿解吸 Cu(In Ga)Se2sub>光伏组件

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磁控溅射法生长的带隙可调谐(GaxIn1−x)2O3 Research Articles

张法碧1,孙巾寓1,李海鸥1,周娟1,王荣1,孙堂友1,傅涛1,肖功利1,李琦1,刘兴鹏1,张秀云1,郭道友2,王相虎3,秦祖军1

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第22卷第10期页码 1370-1378 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000330

摘要：采用磁控溅射技术和热退火技术在(0001)蓝宝石衬底上制备了多组分氧化物(GaxIn1−x)2O3薄膜，实现可调带隙。详细研究了三元化合物(GaxIn1−x)2O3在整个组成范围内的光学性质和能带结构演化。X射线衍射谱表明，Ga含量在0.11至0.55之间的(GaxIn1−x)2O3薄膜既有立方结构，也有单斜结构，而Ga含量高于0.74的(GaxIn1−x)2O3薄膜只有单斜结构。此外，随着Ga含量增加，紫外吸收边出现380至250 nm的蓝移，表明禁带能从3.61 eV增加至4.64 eV。实验结果为透明导电化合物半导体(GaxIn1−x)2O3薄膜在光电和光伏行业的应用，特别是在显示器、发光二极管和太阳能电池的应用奠定了基础。

关键词： (GaxIn1−x)2O3薄膜；带隙可调谐；磁控溅射

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Rh2sub>O3sub>/hexagonal CePO4sub> nanocatalysts for N2sub>O decomposition

Huan Liu, Zhen Ma

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第4期页码 586-593 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1659-6

摘要： Hexagonal CePO nanorods were prepared by a precipitation method and hexagonal CePO nanowires were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis at 150 °C. Rh(NO ) was then used as a precursor for the impregnation of Rh O onto these CePO materials. The Rh O supported on the CePO nanowires was much more active for the catalytic decomposition of N O than the Rh O supported on CePO nanorods. The stability of both catalysts as a function of time on stream was studied and the influence of the co-feed (CO , O , H O or O /H O) on the N O decomposition was also investigated. The samples were characterized by N adsorption-desorption, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron microscopy, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction, oxygen temperature-programmed desorption, and CO temperature-programmed desorption in order to correlate the physicochemical and catalytic properties.

关键词： Rh₂O₃ CePO₄ N₂O decomposition

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CO2sub> methanation and co-methanation of CO and CO2sub> over Mn-promoted Ni/Al2sub>O3sub> catalysts

Kechao Zhao,Zhenhua Li,Li Bian

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第2期页码 273-280 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1563-5

摘要： A series of Mn-promoted 15 wt-% Ni/Al O catalysts were prepared by an incipient wetness impregnation method. The effect of the Mn content on the activity of the Ni/Al O catalysts for CO methanation and the co-methanation of CO and CO in a fixed-bed reactor was investigated. The catalysts were characterized by N physisorption, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction and desorption, carbon dioxide temperature-programmed desorption, X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The presence of Mn increased the number of CO adsorption sites and inhibited Ni particle agglomeration due to improved Ni dispersion and weakened interactions between the nickel species and the support. The Mn-promoted 15 wt-% Ni/Al O catalysts had improved CO methanation activity especially at low temperatures (250 to 400 °C). The Mn content was varied from 0.86% to 2.54% and the best CO conversion was achieved with the 1.71Mn-Ni/Al O catalyst. The co-methanation tests on the 1.71Mn-Ni/Al O catalyst indicated that adding Mn markedly enhanced the CO methanation activity especially at low temperatures but it had little influence on the CO methanation performance. CO methanation was more sensitive to the reaction temperature and the space velocity than the CO methanation in the co-methanation process.

关键词： Mn promotion nickel catalysts CO₂ methanation co-methanation of CO and CO₂

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以净零排放为目标的封存驱动型CO2sub>提高采收率方法 Article

刘月亮, 芮振华

《工程（英文）》 2022年第18卷第11期页码 79-87 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.02.010

摘要：可通过驱油过程将CO2sub>封存在油藏地质体中，因此，CO2sub>驱油与封存被视为降低CO2sub>排放的重要手段之一。本研究提出了一种新型的CO2sub>提高采收率（EOR）方法，即封存驱动型CO2sub>提高采收率，其主要目标是通过在油藏中封存尽可能多的CO2sub>来实现CO结果表明，DME可提高CO2sub>在原油中的溶解度，有利于CO2sub>的溶解封存；可抑制因CO2sub>的抽提作用造成的原油轻质组分“逃逸&rdquo封存驱动型CO2sub> EOR方法在提高波及效率方面优于传统的CO2sub> EOR，尤其是在采油后期更为明显；同时，封存驱动型CO2sub> EOR比传统的此外，通过封存驱动型CO2sub> EOR封存的CO2sub>量远超采出原油燃烧产生的碳排放总量。

关键词： CO2sub> EOR CO2sub>净排放量二甲醚封存驱动型CO2sub> EOR CO2sub>封存

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Al2sub>O3sub> and CeO2sub>-promoted MgO sorbents for CO2sub> capture at moderate

Huimei Yu, Xiaoxing Wang, Zhu Shu, Mamoru Fujii, Chunshan Song

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第1期页码 83-93 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1691-6

摘要： A series of Al O and CeO modified MgO sorbents was prepared and studied for CO sorption at moderate temperatures. The CO sorption capacity of MgO was enhanced with the addition of either Al O or CeO . Over Al O -MgO sorbents, the best capacity of 24.6 mg-CO /g-sorbent was attained at 100 °C, which was 61% higher than that of MgO (15.3 mg-CO /g-sorbent). The highest capacity of 35.3 mg-CO /g-sorbent was obtained over the CeO -MgO sorbents at the optimal temperature of 200 °C. Combining with the characterization results, we conclude that the promotion effect on CO sorption with the addition of Al O and CeO can be attributed to the increased surface area with reduced MgO crystallite size. Moreover, the addition of CeO increased the basicity of MgO phase, resulting in more increase in the CO capacity than Al O promoter. Both the Al O -MgO and CeO -MgO sorbents exhibited better cyclic stability than MgO over the course of fifteen CO sorption-desorption cycles. Compared to Al O , CeO is more effective for promoting the CO capacity of MgO. To enhance the CO capacity of MgO sorbent, increasing the basicity is more effective than the increase in the surface area.

关键词： CO₂ capture MgO sorbents Al₂O₃ CeO₂ flue gas

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The stabilization effect of Al2sub>O3sub> on unconventional Pb/SiO2sub> catalyst

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第10期页码 1423-1429 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2315-y

摘要： Similar to Sn, Pb located at the same group (IVA) in the periodic table of elements, can also catalyze propane dehydrogenation to propene, while a fast deactivation can be observed. To enhance the stability, the traditional carrier Al₂O₃ with a small amount, was introduced into Pb/SiO₂ catalyst in this study. It has been proved that Al₂O₃ can inhibit the reduction of PbO, and weaken the agglomeration and loss of Pb species due to its enhanced interaction with Pb species. As a result, 3Al15Pb/SiO₂ catalyst exhibits a much higher stability up to more than 150 h. In addition, a simple schematic diagram of the change of surface species on the catalyst surface after Al₂O₃ addition was also proposed.

关键词： Pb/SiO₂ Al₂O₃ propane dehydrogenation propene stability

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Cu-doped Bi/Bi2sub>WO6sub> catalysts for efficient N2sub> fixation by photocatalysis

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第10期页码 1412-1422 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2312-1

摘要： In this paper, Cu-doped Bi₂WO₆ was synthesized via a solvothermal method and applied it in photocatalytic N₂ immobilization. Characterization results showed the presence of a small amount of metallic Bi in the photocatalyst, indicating that the synthesized photocatalyst is actually Bi/Cu-Bi₂WO₆ composite. The doped Cu had a valence state of +2 and most likely substituted the position of Bi³⁺. The introduced Cu did not affect the metallic Bi content, but mainly influenced the energy band structure of Bi₂WO₆. The band gap was slightly narrowed, the conduction band was elevated, and the work function was reduced. The reduced work function improved the transfer and separation of charge carriers, which mainly caused the increased photoactivity. The optimized NH₃ generation rates of Bi/Cu-Bi₂WO₆ reached 624 and 243 μmol·L^–1·g^–1·h^–1 under simulated solar and visible light, and these values were approximately 2.8 and 5.9 times higher those of Bi/Bi₂WO₆, respectively. This research provides a method for improving the photocatalytic N₂ fixation and may provide more information on the design and preparation of heteroatom-doped semiconductor photocatalysts for N₂-to-NH₃ conversion.

关键词： Bi₂WO₆ Cu doping work function photocatalytic N₂ fixation charge separation

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ZnFe2sub>O4sub> deposited on BiOCl with exposed (001) and (010) facets for photocatalyticreduction of CO2sub> in cyclohexanol

Guixian Song, Xionggang Wu, Feng Xin, Xiaohong Yin

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第2期页码 197-204 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1606-y

摘要： ZnFe O -BiOCl composites were prepared by both hydrothermal and direct precipitation processes and the structures and properties of the samples were characterized by various instrumental techniques. The samples were then used as catalysts for the photocatalytic reduction of CO in cyclohexanol under ultraviolet irradiation to give cyclohexanone (CH) and cyclohexyl formate (CF). The photocatalytic CO reduction activities over the hydrothermally prepared ZnFe O -BiOCl composites were higher than those over the directly-precipitated composites. This is because compared to the direct-precipitation sample, the ZnFe O nanoparticles in the hydrothermal sample were smaller and more uniformly distributed on the surface of BiOCl and so more heterojunctions were formed. Higher CF and CH yields were obtained for the pure BiOCl and BiOCl composite samples with more exposed (001) facets than for the samples with more exposed (010) facets. This is due to the higher density of oxygen atoms in the exposed (001) facets, which creates more oxygen vacancies, and thereby improves the separation efficiency of the electron-hole pairs. More importantly, irradiation of the (001) facets with ultraviolet light produces photo-generated electrons which is helpful for the reduction of CO to ·CO . The mechanism for the photocatalytic reduction of CO in cyclohexanol over ZnFe O -BiOCl composites with exposed (001) facets involves electron transfer and carbon radical formation.

关键词： reduction of CO₂ cyclohexanol ZnFe₂O₄ deposited BiOCl facet composite photocatalyst